Tony,

The title "Angel of great counsel" ascribed to Jesus in the Litany of the Holy Name of Jesus reflects a rich theological understanding rooted in both Scripture and the tradition of the Church. The term "angel" in this context does not imply that Jesus is a created being or a mere messenger, as angels are typically understood. Instead, it signifies His role as the divine messenger and the embodiment of God's counsel and wisdom.

Biblical Foundation

The phrase "Angel of great counsel" is derived from the prophecy of Isaiah, specifically Isaiah 9:6, which refers to the coming Messiah. In this passage, the Messiah is described with several titles, including "Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace" (1). The use of "Angel" here is significant because it highlights the unique relationship between Jesus and the divine will of God.

Theological Interpretation

1. Christ as the Divine Messenger: In Christian theology, Jesus is understood as the ultimate messenger of God, revealing the fullness of divine truth and counsel to humanity. This is consistent with the understanding that the term "angel" can denote a messenger, particularly in the context of divine revelation (2).
   
   
2. Unity of the Divine Counsel: The title also emphasizes the unity of counsel among the Trinity. As the "Angel of great counsel," Jesus embodies the wisdom and purpose of the Father, acting as the mediator who communicates God's will to humanity (3). This reflects the belief that the counsel of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit is one, and that Jesus, in His divine nature, participates fully in this counsel (3).
   
   
3. Christ's Role in Salvation: By calling Jesus the "Angel of great counsel," the litany acknowledges His role in the plan of salvation. He is the one who guides, instructs, and leads humanity towards redemption, embodying the divine wisdom necessary for salvation (4).

Historical Context

The early Church Fathers, such as Gregory of Nyssa and Novatian, articulated the understanding of Christ as both God and the messenger of God. They emphasized that while Jesus is called "Angel," it is in the context of His divine mission and not in the sense of being a created angelic being (4, 5). This theological nuance is crucial in maintaining the doctrine of the Trinity and the divinity of Christ.

Conclusion

In summary, the title "Angel of great counsel" attributed to Jesus in the Litany signifies His role as the divine messenger and the embodiment of God's wisdom and counsel. It reflects the profound mystery of the Incarnation, where Jesus, while fully divine, also takes on the role of guiding humanity in accordance with God's will. This understanding is deeply rooted in Scripture and the teachings of the Church, affirming the unique and exalted nature of Christ as both God and the messenger of divine counsel.

References:

1. Apostolic Journey - United States of America: Holy Mass at the Madison Square Garden - New York, 25 September 2015 —  Pope Francis
2. Catholic Encyclopedia — Angels / The Encyclopedia Press
3. On the Holy Spirit, Book II 20 / St. Ambrose of Milan - 397 A.D.
4. On the Trinity Chapter 18 / Novatian
5. Against Eunomius Book XI. 3 / St. Gregory of Nyssa - 380 A.D.

Magisterium A.I.